100% renewable energy scenarios: Supporting ambitious policy targets

As a necessary step to remain on track to limit global temperature increase to 1.5^°C above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century, the world must achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.

Within the energy community, there has been growing debate on the feasibility of achieving a 100% global renewable energy system. Proponents of 100% renewable energy scenarios argue that there is growing evidence that such an energy system – completely devoid of fossil fuel and nuclear energy production – is both technologically feasible and offers the lowest-cost and most environmentally sustainable option for decarbonisation.

By comparing three 100% renewable energy scenarios and two net-zero emissions scenarios, this report seeks to go beyond the feasibility debate for each individual scenario. The study identifies common challenges and opportunities for a rapid and holistic shift towards more ambitious renewable energy targets, and provides related policy recommendations. It outlines actions that can facilitate the success of such scenarios and identifies requirements to support a 100% renewable energy system by midcentury.